The Esala Perahera, held annually in Kandy, Sri Lanka, is one of the island’s most spectacular and ancient festivals. 🙏🤗 Celebrated during the months of July and August, it honors the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha, believed to have been brought to Sri Lanka in the 4th century AD. This grand festival is not only a religious event but also a cultural showcase that attracts thousands of visitors from around the world.
Now we look Historical Significance
The Esala Perahera has its roots in ancient traditions. It is believed to have originated in the 3rd century BC when a sacred tooth relic of Buddha was brought to Sri Lanka from India. This relic became a symbol of sovereignty and was housed in the Dalada Maligawa, or the Temple of the Tooth, in Kandy.
The Perahera, or procession, was initially a Hindu ritual to invoke the blessings of the gods for rain. Over time, it evolved into a Buddhist festival, merging with the traditions of the sacred tooth relic.
The Esala Perahera is a ten-day festival, culminating in the grand procession. Each night, the streets of Kandy come alive with a dazzling display of cultural pageantry. The procession features traditional dancers, drummers, whip crackers, acrobats, and beautifully adorned elephants. The most significant part of the procession is the Maligawa Tusker, the majestic elephant that carries the golden casket containing the sacred tooth relic.
The procession is divided into five segments, each representing different temples and deities. These include the Dalada Maligawa (Temple of the Tooth), and four shrines dedicated to the guardian gods Natha, Vishnu, Kataragama, and Pattini. Each segment has its own unique performers and rituals, contributing to the festival’s rich tapestry of traditions.
Rituals and Ceremonies
The Esala Perahera begins with the Kap Situveema (traditional word), a ritual in which a sanctified young jack fruit tree is cut and planted in the premises of the four devales (shrines) dedicated to the guardian gods. This ceremony is believed to invoke the blessings of the gods for a successful harvest and prosperity.
Following this, the Kumbal Perahera takes place for the first five nights. This is a relatively simple procession, aimed at blessing the city and its people. The highlight of these nights is the Randoli Perahera, which features more elaborate performances and a larger number of participants.
The final night, known as the Maha Perahera, is the grandest of all. It begins at the auspicious time of 8 PM and continues into the early hours of the morning. The streets of Kandy are filled with the sounds of traditional music, the sights of lit torches, and the fragrance of incense, creating a truly mystical atmosphere.
The Esala Perahera is more than just a religious festival; it is a celebration of Sri Lankan culture and heritage. The traditional dances performed during the procession, such as the Kandyan dance, are a testament to the island’s rich artistic traditions. The intricate costumes, vibrant decorations, and synchronized movements of the performers reflect the deep-rooted cultural practices that have been passed down through generations.
The festival also highlights the coexistence of different religious traditions in Sri Lanka. Although it is primarily a Buddhist festival, it incorporates elements of Hindu rituals, demonstrating the harmonious blending of cultures on the island.
How is the Festival Celebrated Today?
Today, the Esala Perahera continues to be a major attraction for both locals and tourists. It is broadcast live on national television, allowing those who cannot attend in person to witness the splendor of the event. The festival plays a significant role in promoting tourism in Sri Lanka, drawing visitors from around the world to experience its unique blend of spirituality and culture.
In recent years, efforts have been made to ensure the ethical treatment of the elephants involved in the procession. These majestic animals are adorned with lavish garments and treated with reverence, but concerns about their welfare have led to increased awareness and better care practices.
The Esala Perahera is a magnificent display of Sri Lanka’s cultural heritage and religious devotion. It is a time when the city of Kandy comes alive with vibrant colors, rhythmic sounds, and the collective spirit of a community united in celebration. For anyone visiting Sri Lanka, experiencing the Esala Perahera is a must, offering a deep insight into the island’s rich traditions and spiritual depth.
For more details, visit the Kandy Esala Perahera Official Website.
